APPENDICES
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The Classification Scheme
The Danish classification, used since 1996, is the base of the Display® classification schemes. So far the Danish scheme, taking into account a building typology, is the only classification all over Europe.
By increasing the number of registered buildings in the different types and considering the recommendations of the CEN (Normalization European Comity), an iterative approach allowed to adjust the classification schemes after the first 6 test months.
Furthermore, the classification scheme will take into account the information provided by the Concerted Action, a working group composed of representatives from nearly all EU member states. The objective of the CA working group is the harmonisation of the implementation of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive.
Currently, 11 types of buildings can be classified. The classification scheme could change in the future.
Classification scheme for the primary energy ratio
| kWh/(m².yr) | 1/ Day nursery / Kindergarten | 2/ General school | 3/ Professional school | 4/ Administration | 5/ Swimming pool | 6/ Sports facilities | 7/ Depot | 8/ Meeting places |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 500 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 |
| B | 75 < X ≤ 145 | 75 < X ≤ 140 | 75 < X ≤ 145 | 75 < X ≤ 140 | 500 < X ≤ 2000 | 75 < X ≤ 150 | 75 < X ≤ 160 | 75 < X ≤ 160 |
| C | 145 < X ≤ 215 | 140 < X ≤ 205 | 145 < X ≤ 215 | 140 < X ≤ 205 | 2000 < X ≤ 3500 | 150 < X ≤ 225 | 160 < X ≤ 245 | 160 < X ≤ 245 |
| D | 215 < X ≤ 285 | 205 < X ≤ 270 | 215 < X ≤ 285 | 205 < X ≤ 270 | 3500 < X ≤ 5000 | 225 < X ≤ 300 | 245 < X ≤ 330 | 245 < X ≤ 330 |
| E | 285 < X ≤ 355 | 270 < X ≤ 335 | 285 < X ≤ 355 | 270 < X ≤ 335 | 5000 < X ≤ 6500 | 300 < X ≤ 375 | 330 < X ≤ 415 | 330 < X ≤ 415 |
| F | 355 < X ≤ 425 | 335 < X ≤ 400 | 355 < X ≤ 425 | 335 < X ≤ 400 | 6500 < X ≤ 8000 | 375 < X ≤ 420 | 415 < X ≤ 500 | 415 < X ≤ 500 |
| G | X > 425 | X > 400 | X > 425 | X > 400 | X > 8000 | X > 450 | X > 500 | X > 500 |
| kWh/(m².yr) | 9/ Health centre | 10/ Rescue centre | 11/ Multi residential | 12/ Individual house | 13/ Commercial | 14/ Restaurant | 15/ Industrial | 16/ Hospital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 150 | X ≤ 100 | X ≤ 50 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 75 | X ≤ 125 | X ≤ 50 | X ≤ 175 |
| B | 150 < X ≤ 225 | 100 < X ≤ 200 | 50 < X ≤ 100 | 75 < X ≤ 140 | 75 < X ≤ 145 | 125 < X ≤ 245 | 50 < X ≤ 100 | 175 < X ≤ 300 |
| C | 225 < X ≤ 300 | 200 < X ≤ 300 | 100 < X ≤ 150 | 140 < X ≤ 205 | 145 < X ≤ 215 | 245 < X ≤ 365 | 100 < X ≤ 150 | 300 < X ≤ 425 |
| D | 300 < X ≤ 375 | 300 < X ≤ 400 | 150 < X ≤ 200 | 205 < X ≤ 270 | 215 < X ≤ 285 | 365 < X ≤ 485 | 150 < X ≤ 200 | 425 < X ≤ 550 |
| E | 375 < X ≤ 450 | 400 < X ≤ 500 | 200 < X ≤ 250 | 270 < X ≤ 335 | 285 < X ≤ 355 | 485 < X ≤ 605 | 200 < X ≤ 250 | 550 < X ≤ 675 |
| F | 450 < X ≤ 525 | 500 < X ≤ 600 | 250 < X ≤ 300 | 335 < X ≤ 400 | 335 < X ≤ 425 | 605 < X ≤ 725 | 250 < X ≤ 300 | 675 < X ≤ 800 |
| G | X > 525 | X > 600 | X > 300 | X > 400 | X > 425 | X > 725 | X > 300 | X > 800 |
Classification scheme for the CO2 ratio
| kg/(m².yr) | 1/ Day nursery / Kindergarten | 2/ General school | 3/ Professional school | 4/ Administration | 5/ Swimming pool | 6/ Sports facilities | 7/ Depot | 8/ Meeting places |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 100 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 |
| B | 15 < X ≤ 29 | 15 < X ≤ 28 | 15 < X ≤ 29 | 15 < X ≤ 28 | 100 < X ≤ 400 | 15 < X ≤ 30 | 15 < X ≤ 32 | 15 < X ≤ 32 |
| C | 29 < X ≤ 43 | 28 < X ≤ 41 | 29 < X ≤ 43 | 28 < X ≤ 41 | 400 < X ≤ 700 | 30 < X ≤ 45 | 32 < X ≤ 49 | 32 < X ≤ 49 |
| D | 43 < X ≤ 57 | 41 < X ≤ 54 | 43 < X ≤ 57 | 41 < X ≤ 54 | 700 < X ≤ 1000 | 45 < X ≤ 60 | 49 < X ≤ 66 | 49 < X ≤ 66 |
| E | 57 < X ≤ 71 | 54 < X ≤ 67 | 57 < X ≤ 71 | 54 < X ≤ 67 | 1000 < X ≤ 1300 | 60 < X ≤ 75 | 66 < X ≤ 83 | 66 < X ≤ 83 |
| F | 71 < X ≤ 85 | 67 < X ≤ 80 | 71 < X ≤ 85 | 67 < X ≤ 80 | 1300 < X ≤ 1600 | 75 < X ≤ 90 | 83 < X ≤ 100 | 83 < X ≤ 100 |
| G | X > 85 | X > 80 | X > 85 | X > 80 | X > 1600 | X > 90 | X > 100 | X > 100 |
| kg/(m².yr) | 9/ Health centre | 10/ Rescue centre | 11/ Multi residential | 12/ Individual house | 13/ Commercial | 14/ Restaurant | 15/ Industrial | 16/ Hospital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 30 | X ≤ 20 | X ≤ 10 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 15 | X ≤ 25 | X ≤ 10 | X ≤ 35 |
| B | 30 < X ≤ 45 | 20 < X ≤ 36 | 10 < X ≤ 20 | 15 < X ≤ 28 | 15 < X ≤ 29 | 25 < X ≤ 49 | 10 < X ≤ 20 | 35 < X ≤ 60 |
| C | 45 < X ≤ 60 | 36 < X ≤ 52 | 20 < X ≤ 30 | 28 < X ≤ 41 | 29 < X ≤ 43 | 49 < X ≤ 73 | 20 < X ≤ 30 | 60 < X ≤ 85 |
| D | 60 < X ≤ 75 | 52 < X ≤ 68 | 30 < X ≤ 40 | 41 < X ≤ 54 | 43 < X ≤ 57 | 73 < X ≤ 97 | 30 < X ≤ 40 | 85 < X ≤ 110 |
| E | 75 < X ≤ 90 | 68 < X ≤ 86 | 40 < X ≤ 50 | 54 < X ≤ 67 | 57 < X ≤ 71 | 97 < X ≤ 121 | 40 < X ≤ 50 | 110 < X ≤ 135 |
| F | 90 < X ≤ 105 | 86 < X ≤ 102 | 50 < X ≤ 60 | 67 < X ≤ 80 | 71 < X ≤ 85 | 121 < X ≤ 145 | 50 < X ≤ 60 | 135 < X ≤ 160 |
| G | X > 105 | X > 102 | X > 60 | X > 80 | X > 85 | X > 145 | X > 60 | X > 160 |
Classification for the water ratio
| L/(m².yr) | 1/ Day nursery / Kindergarten | 2/ General school | 2/ School with pools | 3/ Professional school | 4/ Administration | 5/ Swimming pool (L/user) | 6/ Sports facilities | 7/ Depot | 8/ Meeting places |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 50 | X ≤ 60 | X ≤ 12500 | X ≤ 50 | X ≤ 30 | X ≤ 80 | X ≤ 40 | X ≤ 30 | X ≤ 30 |
| B | 50 < X ≤ 250 | 60 < X ≤ 150 | 12500 < X ≤ 25000 | 50 < X ≤ 145 | 30 < X ≤ 170 | 80 < X ≤ 125 | 40 < X ≤ 110 | 30 < X ≤ 110 | 30 < X ≤ 100 |
| C | 250 < X ≤ 450 | 150 < X ≤ 240 | 25000 < X ≤ 37500 | 145 < X ≤ 240 | 170 < X ≤ 240 | 125 < X ≤ 170 | 110 < X ≤ 180 | 110 < X ≤ 190 | 100 < X ≤ 170 |
| D | 450 < X ≤ 650 | 240 < X ≤ 330 | 37500 < X ≤ 50000 | 240 < X ≤ 335 | 240 < X ≤ 310 | 170 < X ≤ 215 | 180 < X ≤ 250 | 190 < X ≤ 270 | 170 < X ≤ 240 |
| E | 650 < X ≤ 850 | 330 < X ≤ 420 | 50000 < X ≤ 62500 | 335 < X ≤ 430 | 310 < X ≤ 380 | 215 < X ≤ 260 | 250 < X ≤ 320 | 270 < X ≤ 350 | 240 < X ≤ 310 |
| F | 850 < X ≤ 1050 | 420 < X ≤ 510 | 62500 < X ≤ 75000 | 430 < X ≤ 525 | 380 < X ≤ 450 | 260 < X ≤ 305 | 320 < X ≤ 390 | 350 < X ≤ 430 | 310 < X ≤ 380 |
| G | X > 1050 | X > 510 | X > 75000 | X > 525 | X > 450 | X > 305 | X > 390 | X > 430 | X > 380 |
| L/(m².yr) | 9/ Health centre | 10/ Rescue centre | 11/ Multi residential | 12/ Individual house | 13/ Commercial | 14/ Restaurant | 15/ Industrial | 16/ Hospital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | X ≤ 80 | X ≤ 350 | X ≤ 300 | X ≤ 500 | X ≤ 100 | X ≤ 500 | X ≤ 350 | X ≤ 500 |
| B | 80 < X ≤ 510 | 350 < X ≤ 500 | 300 < X ≤ 550 | 500 < X ≤ 800 | 100 < X ≤ 200 | 500 < X ≤ 750 | 350 < X ≤ 480 | 500 < X ≤ 750 |
| C | 510 < X ≤ 940 | 500 < X ≤ 650 | 550 < X ≤ 800 | 800 < X ≤ 1100 | 200 < X ≤ 300 | 750 < X ≤ 1000 | 480 < X ≤ 610 | 750 < X ≤ 1000 |
| D | 940 < X ≤ 1380 | 650 < X ≤ 800 | 800 < X ≤ 1050 | 1100 < X ≤ 1400 | 300 < X ≤ 400 | 1000 < X ≤ 1250 | 610 < x ≤ 740 | 1000 < x ≤ 1250 |
| E | 1380 < X ≤ 1810 | 800 < X ≤ 950 | 1050 < X ≤ 1300 | 1400 < X ≤ 1700 | 400 < X ≤ 500 | 1250 < X ≤ 1500 | 740 < X ≤ 870 | 1250 < X ≤ 1500 |
| F | 1810 < X ≤ 2240 | 950 < X ≤ 1100 | 1300 < X ≤ 1550 | 1700 < X ≤ 2000 | 500 < X ≤ 600 | 1500 < X ≤ 1750 | 870 < X ≤ 1000 | 1500 < X ≤ 1750 |
| G | X > 2240 | X > 1100 | X > 1550 | X > 2000 | X > 600 | X > 1750 | X > 1000 | X > 1750 |
Conversion Factors and their Sources
General conversion factors
| Energy or energy source | Type of conversion | Conversion factor | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| MWh to kWh | 1000 | kWh/MWh | |
| kWh to MWh | 0,001 | MWh/kWh | |
| wood (1) | kg to kWh | 5,5 | kWh/kg |
| anthracite | kg to kWh | 8,6 | kWh/kg |
| brown coal | kg to kWh | 5,4 | kWh/kg |
| fuel oil (light) | l to kWh | 10,0 | kWh/l |
| natural gas | m3 to kWh | 10,1 | kWh/m3 |
| natural gas | UHV to LHV | 0,9 | |
| Biogas | m3 to kWh | 6,0 | kWh/m3 |
| liquefied gas | m3 to kWh | 26,0 | kWh/m3 |
| liquefied gas | kg to kWh | 12,9 | kWh/kg |
| liquefied gas | UHV to LHV | 0,9 |
(1) Source : Société suisse des ingénieurs et des architectes (SIA)
Conversion factors for final energy use
Source: GEMIS 4.3 2004 Öko-Institut
| Energy or energy source | Conversion factor final energy to primary energy [kWh/kWh] | Type of conversion factor | Conversion factor final energy to CO2 equivalents[kg/kWh] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural gas | 1,17 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,2537 |
| Liquefied gas | 1,16 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,2763 |
| Biogas | 1,14 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,2500 |
| Fuel oil (light) | 1,19 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,3199 |
| Anthracite | 1,11 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,4397 |
| Brown coal | 1,25 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,4579 |
| Wood (logs) | 1,04 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,0213 |
| Wood (chips) | 1,10 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,0268 |
| Wood (pellets) | 1,13 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,0349 |
| Solar thermal collector | 1,17 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,0479 |
Conversion factors for generation of electricity (average national electricity production)
Source: GEMIS 4.5 2005 Öko-Institut
| Country code | Conversion factor final energy to primary energy [kWh/kWh] | Type of conversion factor | Conversion factor final energy to CO2 equivalents [kg/kWh] |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT | 1,70 | KEVtotal | 0,2558 |
| BE | 3,23 | KEVtotal | 0,2742 |
| BG | 3,09 | KEVtotal | 0,5276 |
| CH | 2,20 | KEVtotal | 0,0514 |
| CS | 2,59 | KEVtotal | 0,8610 |
| CY | 3,37 | KEVtotal | 0,9201 |
| CZ | 3,06 | KEVtotal | 0,6876 |
| DE | 2,88 | KEVtotal | 0,6244 |
| DK | 3,03 | KEVtotal | 0,6240 |
| EE | 2,70 | KEVtotal | 0,9840 |
| ES | 2,45 | KEVtotal | 0,4558 |
| FI | 3,48 | KEVtotal | 0,3881 |
| FR | 3,35 | KEVtotal | 0,0963 |
| GB | 2,65 | KEVtotal | 0,4939 |
| GR | 2,56 | KEVtotal | 0,8111 |
| HR | 2,32 | KEVtotal | 0,5971 |
| HU | 3,16 | KEVtotal | 0,4238 |
| IE | 2,33 | KEVtotal | 0,6245 |
| IT | 2,37 | KEVtotal | 0,5309 |
| LT | 3,62 | KEVtotal | 0,3633 |
| LU | 2,14 | KEVtotal | 0,4001 |
| LV | 2,07 | KEVtotal | 0,2740 |
| MD | 2,36 | KEVtotal | 0,4432 |
| MT | 3,38 | KEVtotal | 0,9221 |
| NL | 2,73 | KEVtotal | 0,5674 |
| NO | 1,04 | KEVtotal | 0,0137 |
| PL | 2,71 | KEVtotal | 0,9386 |
| PT | 3,37 | KEVtotal | 0,470 |
| RO | 2,62 | KEVtotal | 0,5627 |
| RU | 2,91 | KEVtotal | 0,5398 |
| SE | 2,48 | KEVtotal | 0,0852 |
| SI | 2,93 | KEVtotal | 0,1261 |
| SK | 3,09 | KEVtotal | 0,3127 |
| TR | 2,32 | KEVtotal | 0,5162 |
| UA | 3,48 | KEVtotal | 0,5232 |
Conversion factors for generation of electricity (specified energy sources)
Conversion factors for generation of electricity
Source: GEMIS 4.3 2004 Öko-Institut
| Energy or energy source | Conversion factor final energy to primary energy [kWh/kWh] | Type of conversion factor | Conversion factor final energy to CO2 equivalents [kg/kWh] |
|---|---|---|---|
| monocrystalline PV cell | 1,62 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,1660 |
| electricity (green, mix water 50 %/wind 50 %) | 1,05 | KEV(nonrenewable+renewable) | 0,0295 |
Energy mix by country
Conversion factors for district heat (used by default)
| Conversion factor final energy to primary energy [kWh/kWh] | Type of conversion factor | Conversion factor final energy to CO2 equivalents [kg/kWh] | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District heat, produced in a cogeneration plant | 0,78 | CEDtotal | 0,24 | GEMIS version 4.14 calculation made by the IWU, 2004, 70 % cogeneration |
| District heat, not produced in a cogeneration plant | 1,49 | CEDtotal | 0,41 | GEMIS version 4.14 calculation made by the IWU, 2004 |
